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美国“低招聘、低裁员”僵局持续:初请失业金人数低于预期,显示裁员未激增

财富中文网 2025-11-28 19:34:24

上周美国失业金申领人数有所下降。这一迹象表明,尽管多家知名企业已宣布裁员,但全国整体裁员水平仍维持在低位。

美国劳工部(Labor Department)周三报告称,在截至11月22日的一周中,初请失业金人数较前一周减少6,000人,降至21.6万。根据数据提供商慧甚(FactSet)的调查,该数字低于经济学家此前预测的23万。

初请失业金人数被视为裁员规模的替代指标,基本能实时反映就业市场的健康状况。近期美国联合包裹服务公司(UPS)、亚马逊(Amazon)等大型企业宣布的裁员计划,往往需要数周甚至数月才能完全执行,因此可能尚未在申领数据中体现出来。

初请失业金人数四周均值减少了1,000人,降至223,750人。这一数据通常用于平滑周度波动。

就目前来看,美国就业市场似乎陷入一种“低招聘、低裁员”的状态:失业率维持在历史低位,但失业者却难以找到新工作。

政府数据显示,截至11月15日的一周内,美国持续申请失业金的人数增加7,000人,达到196万。这一增长表明,失业者找到新工作所需的时间正变得更长。

上周政府公布的数据显示,9月份的就业市场略有回暖,当月新增就业岗位11.9万个。然而,报告同时指出,8月份数据显示岗位减少。此外,由于更多美国人退出观望状态,开始重新寻找工作,但未能全部立即就业,导致失业率上升至4.4%,创四年来最高水平。

本周二,政府报告称,零售额在经历连续三个月稳健增长后,于9月放缓。消费者信心骤降至五年来次低,而批发端通胀则略有缓解。

这些数据表明,美国经济与通胀双双放缓,从而推升了金融市场的预期,即美联储将在12月9日至10日的会议上下调关键利率。(*)

译者:郝秀

审校:汪皓

上周美国失业金申领人数有所下降。这一迹象表明,尽管多家知名企业已宣布裁员,但全国整体裁员水平仍维持在低位。

美国劳工部(Labor Department)周三报告称,在截至11月22日的一周中,初请失业金人数较前一周减少6,000人,降至21.6万。根据数据提供商慧甚(FactSet)的调查,该数字低于经济学家此前预测的23万。

初请失业金人数被视为裁员规模的替代指标,基本能实时反映就业市场的健康状况。近期美国联合包裹服务公司(UPS)、亚马逊(Amazon)等大型企业宣布的裁员计划,往往需要数周甚至数月才能完全执行,因此可能尚未在申领数据中体现出来。

初请失业金人数四周均值减少了1,000人,降至223,750人。这一数据通常用于平滑周度波动。

就目前来看,美国就业市场似乎陷入一种“低招聘、低裁员”的状态:失业率维持在历史低位,但失业者却难以找到新工作。

政府数据显示,截至11月15日的一周内,美国持续申请失业金的人数增加7,000人,达到196万。这一增长表明,失业者找到新工作所需的时间正变得更长。

上周政府公布的数据显示,9月份的就业市场略有回暖,当月新增就业岗位11.9万个。然而,报告同时指出,8月份数据显示岗位减少。此外,由于更多美国人退出观望状态,开始重新寻找工作,但未能全部立即就业,导致失业率上升至4.4%,创四年来最高水平。

本周二,政府报告称,零售额在经历连续三个月稳健增长后,于9月放缓。消费者信心骤降至五年来次低,而批发端通胀则略有缓解。

这些数据表明,美国经济与通胀双双放缓,从而推升了金融市场的预期,即美联储将在12月9日至10日的会议上下调关键利率。(*)

译者:郝秀

审校:汪皓

The number of Americans applying for unemployment benefits declined last week in a sign that overall layoffs remain low, even as several high-profile companies have announced job cuts.

U.S. applications for unemployment benefits in the week ending Nov. 22 dropped 6,000 from the previous week to 216,000, the Labor Department reported Wednesday. The figure is below the 230,000 forecast by economists, according to a survey by data provider FactSet.

Applications for unemployment aid are seen as a proxy for layoffs and are close to a real-time indicator of the health of the job market. The job cuts announced recently by large companies such as UPS and Amazon typically take weeks or months to fully implement and may not yet be reflected in the claims data.

The four-week average of claims, which softens some of the week-to-week volatility, dropped 1,000 to 223,750.

For now, the U.S. job market appears stuck in a “low-hire, low-fire” state that has kept the unemployment rate historically low, but has left those out of work struggling to find a new job.

The total number of Americans filing for jobless benefits for the week ending Nov. 15 rose 7,000 to 1.96 million, the government said. The increase is a sign that the unemployed are taking longer to find new work.

Last week, the government said that hiring picked up a bit in September, when employers added 119,000 new jobs. Yet the report also showed employers had shed jobs in August. And the unemployment rate ticked up to 4.4%, its highest level in four years, as more Americans came off the sidelines to look for work but did not all immediately find jobs.

On Tuesday, the government reported that retail sales slowed in September after three months of healthy increases. Consumer confidence plunged to its second-lowest level in five years, while wholesale inflation eased a bit.

The data suggests that both the economy and inflation are slowing, which boosted financial markets’ expectations that the Federal Reserve will reduce its key interest rate at its next meeting Dec. 9-10.

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