首页 / 财富中文网 / 正文

特斯拉推出自动驾驶出租车,乘客仅需支付4.2美元固定费用

财富中文网 2025-06-28 05:30:08

早在2019年,埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)便承诺特斯拉自动驾驶出租车将于“次年”上路,然而此承诺未能兑现;一年后,他再度许诺次年推出,可依旧未能兑现。

尽管屡屡许下空头承诺,他仍在继续画饼。去年1月,马斯克宣称“明年必定能推出超百万辆自动驾驶出租车”。

要是仅有10辆或12辆,你能接受吗?

马斯克似乎即将实现其自动驾驶出租车愿景,上周日,一支规模较小的自动驾驶出租车车队在得州奥斯汀启动试运营。不过,达到百万辆规模可能需要一年或更长时间,但若奥斯汀的演示成功,这位亿万富翁今年理应能够拓展服务版图。

此事风险极高,挑战也同样艰巨。

当马斯克仍不断抛出“明年”实现目标的承诺时,竞争对手Waymo已另辟蹊径,凭借不同技术路线在洛杉矶、圣迭戈、奥斯汀等城市布局自动驾驶出租车业务,该技术助力其更快抢占市场,近日刚完成第1000万次付费乘车服务。

因马斯克政治立场引发的抵制运动已对特斯拉销量造成沉重打击。竞争对手电动汽车制造商凭借新推出的颇具竞争力的车型抢占市场份额。更令投资者忧心忡忡的是,此前马斯克在社交媒体上与美国现任总统隔空互怼——而后者麾下的联邦汽车监管机构可能让自动驾驶出租车的推出难上加难——这导致特斯拉市值蒸发1500亿美元。不过,在马斯克表示对部分言论感到懊悔后,股价有所回升。

多年来,特斯拉股东始终力挺马斯克,因为他逆势而上,成功打造了一家独立的电动汽车公司(暂且不论自动驾驶汽车相关承诺),且在此过程中为股东带来了可观的收益。十年前,特斯拉股价约为18美元。上周五收盘时,股价为322美元。

马斯克上周日清晨在X平台发文,显得兴高采烈:“@Tesla_AI自动驾驶出租车服务将于今日下午在奥斯汀启动,乘客仅需支付4.20美元的固定费用!”

此次测试规模较为有限。特斯拉将对车辆进行远程监控,并在乘客座位安排人员以作应急保障。部署的特斯拉车辆数量也将很少——仅10至12辆——且仅在限定的地理围栏区域内接载乘客。

马斯克承诺该服务将迅速扩展至其他城市,明年规模有望达到数十万甚至百万辆。

华尔街部分关注马斯克动态的人士对此持怀疑态度。

CFRA分析师加勒特·尼尔森(Garrett Nelson)问道:“他能以多快的速度扩大车队规模?初期可能仅有十几辆车,规模太小了。”

晨星公司(Morningstar)的塞思·戈德斯坦(Seth Goldstein)认为,马斯克依旧如故,承诺总是过多且过于急切。

“当所有奥斯汀民众都能下载应用并使用自动驾驶出租车时,才算真正成功,但我认为这得到2028年,”他表示,“测试工作还需持续一段时间。”

投资者早已对马斯克借夸张言论抬高股价的手段了如指掌。

2018年,他曾向特斯拉股东表示已“获得资金支持”,计划以巨额溢价收购所有股份并推动公司私有化。然而,联邦证券监管机构的处罚决定表明,他不仅未获得金融机构的书面承诺,甚至连贷款金额及其他细节都未曾与对方探讨。

最近,马斯克在5月接受美国全国广播公司财经频道(CNBC)采访时表示,特斯拉正迎来需求“大幅反弹”。一周后,欧洲一家汽车行业协会宣布其销量暴跌50%。

马斯克因被指夸大其汽车搭载的自动驾驶系统能力而遭受抨击——争议始于系统名称。“完全自动驾驶”(Full Self-Driving)实为误称。该系统仍要求驾驶员时刻留意路况,随时准备介入并接管车辆控制权。

联邦公路安全监管机构去年在多起事故后对完全自动驾驶展开调查,司法部也启动了独立调查,但调查进展尚不清楚。特斯拉因这一功能陷入多起诉讼,部分案件已达成和解,部分则被驳回。在一宗案件中,法官裁定原告败诉,仅因他们未能证明马斯克“蓄意”做出虚假陈述。

马斯克表示,自动驾驶出租车将搭载改进版完全自动驾驶系统,以保障安全。

他还表示,该服务将在全美迅速拓展,其“秘密武器”是:目前路上行驶的数百万特斯拉车主。他称,通过空中软件更新,车主可将爱车转为自动驾驶出租车,在办公室工作八小时或外出度假一周期间,让车辆开展副业。

“与其让车停在停车场,不如让它为你创造收益,”马斯克今年早些时候称,这是汽车界的“爱彼迎模式”,“你可以随时让车辆加入或退出车队。”

马斯克表示,特斯拉能够迅速部署出租车服务,得益于其决策——仅依靠摄像头导航,而不像Waymo采用成本更高的方案(用激光和雷达辅助摄像头)。

马斯克在与投资者的电话会议中若有所思地说:“特斯拉可能会占据(我不知道)99%的市场份额或者类似的惊人比例。”鉴于Waymo的先发优势以及来自亚马逊等公司的潜在竞争,要达到如此程度的主导地位可能有些不切实际。

但韦德布什证券公司(Wedbush Securities)的分析师、马斯克的忠实拥趸丹·艾夫斯(Dan Ives)表示,这次马斯克或许真能达成目标,原因在于特斯拉具备快速实现规模扩张的能力。就连晨星公司的戈德斯坦这类持怀疑态度的人也承认,马斯克偶尔确实能达成目标,而且往往成效显著。

他颠覆了汽车行业,引领人们购置价格不菲的电动汽车,将星链卫星互联网服务送至农村地区,近期更是实现了SpaceX无人火箭在地球平台成功着陆的惊人成就。

“或许他设定的时间线不切实际,”戈德斯坦表示,“但他确实能打造出极具未来感的科技产品。”(*)

译者:中慧言-王芳

早在2019年,埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)便承诺特斯拉自动驾驶出租车将于“次年”上路,然而此承诺未能兑现;一年后,他再度许诺次年推出,可依旧未能兑现。

尽管屡屡许下空头承诺,他仍在继续画饼。去年1月,马斯克宣称“明年必定能推出超百万辆自动驾驶出租车”。

要是仅有10辆或12辆,你能接受吗?

马斯克似乎即将实现其自动驾驶出租车愿景,上周日,一支规模较小的自动驾驶出租车车队在得州奥斯汀启动试运营。不过,达到百万辆规模可能需要一年或更长时间,但若奥斯汀的演示成功,这位亿万富翁今年理应能够拓展服务版图。

此事风险极高,挑战也同样艰巨。

当马斯克仍不断抛出“明年”实现目标的承诺时,竞争对手Waymo已另辟蹊径,凭借不同技术路线在洛杉矶、圣迭戈、奥斯汀等城市布局自动驾驶出租车业务,该技术助力其更快抢占市场,近日刚完成第1000万次付费乘车服务。

因马斯克政治立场引发的抵制运动已对特斯拉销量造成沉重打击。竞争对手电动汽车制造商凭借新推出的颇具竞争力的车型抢占市场份额。更令投资者忧心忡忡的是,此前马斯克在社交媒体上与美国现任总统隔空互怼——而后者麾下的联邦汽车监管机构可能让自动驾驶出租车的推出难上加难——这导致特斯拉市值蒸发1500亿美元。不过,在马斯克表示对部分言论感到懊悔后,股价有所回升。

多年来,特斯拉股东始终力挺马斯克,因为他逆势而上,成功打造了一家独立的电动汽车公司(暂且不论自动驾驶汽车相关承诺),且在此过程中为股东带来了可观的收益。十年前,特斯拉股价约为18美元。上周五收盘时,股价为322美元。

马斯克上周日清晨在X平台发文,显得兴高采烈:“@Tesla_AI自动驾驶出租车服务将于今日下午在奥斯汀启动,乘客仅需支付4.20美元的固定费用!”

此次测试规模较为有限。特斯拉将对车辆进行远程监控,并在乘客座位安排人员以作应急保障。部署的特斯拉车辆数量也将很少——仅10至12辆——且仅在限定的地理围栏区域内接载乘客。

马斯克承诺该服务将迅速扩展至其他城市,明年规模有望达到数十万甚至百万辆。

华尔街部分关注马斯克动态的人士对此持怀疑态度。

CFRA分析师加勒特·尼尔森(Garrett Nelson)问道:“他能以多快的速度扩大车队规模?初期可能仅有十几辆车,规模太小了。”

晨星公司(Morningstar)的塞思·戈德斯坦(Seth Goldstein)认为,马斯克依旧如故,承诺总是过多且过于急切。

“当所有奥斯汀民众都能下载应用并使用自动驾驶出租车时,才算真正成功,但我认为这得到2028年,”他表示,“测试工作还需持续一段时间。”

投资者早已对马斯克借夸张言论抬高股价的手段了如指掌。

2018年,他曾向特斯拉股东表示已“获得资金支持”,计划以巨额溢价收购所有股份并推动公司私有化。然而,联邦证券监管机构的处罚决定表明,他不仅未获得金融机构的书面承诺,甚至连贷款金额及其他细节都未曾与对方探讨。

最近,马斯克在5月接受美国全国广播公司财经频道(CNBC)采访时表示,特斯拉正迎来需求“大幅反弹”。一周后,欧洲一家汽车行业协会宣布其销量暴跌50%。

马斯克因被指夸大其汽车搭载的自动驾驶系统能力而遭受抨击——争议始于系统名称。“完全自动驾驶”(Full Self-Driving)实为误称。该系统仍要求驾驶员时刻留意路况,随时准备介入并接管车辆控制权。

联邦公路安全监管机构去年在多起事故后对完全自动驾驶展开调查,司法部也启动了独立调查,但调查进展尚不清楚。特斯拉因这一功能陷入多起诉讼,部分案件已达成和解,部分则被驳回。在一宗案件中,法官裁定原告败诉,仅因他们未能证明马斯克“蓄意”做出虚假陈述。

马斯克表示,自动驾驶出租车将搭载改进版完全自动驾驶系统,以保障安全。

他还表示,该服务将在全美迅速拓展,其“秘密武器”是:目前路上行驶的数百万特斯拉车主。他称,通过空中软件更新,车主可将爱车转为自动驾驶出租车,在办公室工作八小时或外出度假一周期间,让车辆开展副业。

“与其让车停在停车场,不如让它为你创造收益,”马斯克今年早些时候称,这是汽车界的“爱彼迎模式”,“你可以随时让车辆加入或退出车队。”

马斯克表示,特斯拉能够迅速部署出租车服务,得益于其决策——仅依靠摄像头导航,而不像Waymo采用成本更高的方案(用激光和雷达辅助摄像头)。

马斯克在与投资者的电话会议中若有所思地说:“特斯拉可能会占据(我不知道)99%的市场份额或者类似的惊人比例。”鉴于Waymo的先发优势以及来自亚马逊等公司的潜在竞争,要达到如此程度的主导地位可能有些不切实际。

但韦德布什证券公司(Wedbush Securities)的分析师、马斯克的忠实拥趸丹·艾夫斯(Dan Ives)表示,这次马斯克或许真能达成目标,原因在于特斯拉具备快速实现规模扩张的能力。就连晨星公司的戈德斯坦这类持怀疑态度的人也承认,马斯克偶尔确实能达成目标,而且往往成效显著。

他颠覆了汽车行业,引领人们购置价格不菲的电动汽车,将星链卫星互联网服务送至农村地区,近期更是实现了SpaceX无人火箭在地球平台成功着陆的惊人成就。

“或许他设定的时间线不切实际,”戈德斯坦表示,“但他确实能打造出极具未来感的科技产品。”(*)

译者:中慧言-王芳

Elon Musk promised in 2019 that driverless Tesla “robotaxis” would be on the road “next year,” but it didn’t happen. A year later, he promised to deliver them the next year, but that didn’t happen either.

Despite the empty pledges the promises kept coming. Last year in January, Musk said, “Next year for sure, we’ll have over a million robotaxis.”

Would you settle for 10 or 12?

Musk appears to be on the verge of making his robotaxi vision a reality with a test run of a small squad of self-driving cabs in Austin, Texas, that began Sunday. Reaching a million may take a year or more, however, although the billionaire should be able to expand the service this year if the Austin demo is a success.

The stakes couldn’t be higher, nor the challenges.

While Musk was making those “next year” promises, rival Waymo was busy deploying driverless taxis in Los Angeles, San Diego, Austin and other cities by using a different technology that allowed it to get to market faster. It just completed its 10 millionth paid ride.

Boycotts related to Musk’s politics have tanked Tesla’s sales. Rival electric vehicle makers with newly competitive models have stolen market share. And investors are on edge after a $150 billion stock wipeout when Musk picked a social media fight with a U.S. president overseeing federal car regulators who could make the robotaxi rollout much more difficult. The stock has recovered somewhat after Musk said he regretted some of his remarks.

Tesla shareholders have stood by Musk over the years because he’s defied the odds by building a successful standalone electric vehicle company — self-driving car promises aside — and making them a lot of money in the process. A decade ago, Tesla shares traded for around $18. The shares closed Friday at $322.

Musk seemed jubilant Sunday morning, posting on X, “The @Tesla_AI robotaxi launch begins in Austin this afternoon with customers paying a $4.20 flat fee!”

The test is beginning modestly enough. Tesla is remotely monitoring the vehicles and putting a person in the passenger seat in case of trouble. The number of Teslas deployed will also be small — just 10 or 12 vehicles — and will only pick up passengers in a limited, geofenced area.

Musk has vowed that the service will quickly spread to other cities, eventually reaching hundreds of thousands if not a million vehicles next year.

Some Musk watchers on Wall Street are skeptical.

“How quickly can he expand the fleet?” asks Garrett Nelson, an analyst at CFRA. “We’re talking maybe a dozen vehicles initially. It’s very small.”

Morningstar’s Seth Goldstein says Musk is being classic Musk: Promising too much, too quickly.

“When anyone in Austin can download the app and use a robotaxi, that will be a success, but I don’t think that will happen until 2028,” he says. “Testing is going to take a while.”

Musk’s tendency to push up the stock high with a bit of hyperbole is well known among investors.

In 2018, he told Tesla stockholders he had “funding secured” to buy all their shares at a massive premium and take the company private. But he not only lacked a written commitment from financiers, according to federal stock regulators who fined him, he hadn’t discussed the loan amount or other details with them.

More recently, Musk told CNBC in May that Tesla was experiencing a “major rebound” in demand. A week later an auto trade group in Europe announced sales had plunged by half.

Musk has come under fire for allegedly exaggerating the ability of the system used for its cars to drive themselves, starting with the name. Full Self-Driving is a misnomer. The system still requires drivers to keep their eyes on the road because they may need to intervene and take control at any moment.

Federal highway safety regulators opened an investigation into FSD last year after several accidents, and the Department of Justice has conducted its own probe, though the status of that is not known. Tesla has also faced lawsuits over the feature, some resulting in settlements, other dismissed. In one case, a judge ruled against the plaintiffs but only because they hadn’t proved Musk “knowingly” made false statements.

Musk says the robotaxis will be running on an improved version of Full Self-Driving and the cabs will be safe.

He also says the service will be able to expand rapidly around the country. His secret weapon: Millions of Tesla owners now on the roads. He says an over-the-air software update will soon allow them to turn their cars into driverless cabs and start a side business while stuck at the office for eight hours or on vacation for a week.

“Instead of having your car sit in the parking lot, your car could be earning money,” Musk said earlier this year, calling it an Airbnb model for cars. “You will be able to add or subtract your car to the fleet.”

Musk says Tesla also can move fast to deploy taxis now because of his decision to rely only on cameras for the cars to navigate, unlike Waymo, which has gone a more expensive route by supplementing its cameras with lasers and radar.

“Tesla will have, I don’t know,” Musk mused in an conference call with investors, ”99% market share or something ridiculous.” Given Waymo’s head start and potential competition from Amazon and others, dominating the driverless market to that extent could be a reach.

But Dan Ives, a Wedbush Securities analyst and big Musk fan, says this time Musk may actually pull it off because of Tesla’s ability to scale up quickly. And even skeptics like Morningstar’s Goldstein acknowledge that Musk occasionally does gets things right, and spectacularly so.

He upended the car industry by getting people to buy expensive electric vehicles, brought his Starlink satellite internet service to rural areas and, more recently, performed a gee-whiz trick of landing an unmanned SpaceX rocketon a platform back on earth.

“Maybe his timelines aren’t realistic,” Goldstein says, “but he can develop futuristic technology products.”

*