根据房地产经纪公司Redfin近期一项调查，超过44%的美国房主和租客表示房贷或房租难以承担。正因如此，他们被迫放弃外出就餐和度假。
更令人担心的是，不少人结婚生子等人生大事也因此耽搁。这一结论源自今年5月Redfin委托调研公司益普索（Ipsos）开展的一项调查，受访者涵盖4000多名美国房主和租客。这与《财富》此前的报道相符，报道称住房成本及其他生活开支高企，导致Z世代和千禧一代实现“美国梦”推迟。
Redfin表示：“我们关注（房主和租客），是因为从他们的经历能看出人们为负担住房付出的努力。”
不少Z世代和千禧一代感觉无力抚养孩子，养宠物曾一度成为新风尚，但如今也因为住房成本太高变得难以承受。甚至有部分人表示，只因无力负担独居的住房费用和离婚成本，不得不在婚姻或恋爱关系中“耗”更久。
根据Redfin的报告，美国人为负担住房做出的牺牲包括：
• 搬回父母家
• 与其他家庭成员同住
• 与室友合租
• 与伴侣同住
• 放弃养宠物
• 放弃或减少为子女储蓄大学教育基金
• 决定不生或推迟生育
• 将孩子送入评分较低的学校
• 与成年子女同住
• 推迟离婚或分居
更多数据也印证了这一趋势：当前房价对Z世代和千禧一代来说已变得难以承受，首次购房者人数创下历史新低。根据今年7月美国全国房地产经纪人协会（NAR）向《财富》提供的数据，2004年美国首次购房者人数接近320万；而到2024年末，这一数字已骤降至仅 114万。
“我们正见证传统买房升级的路径重塑，”The Corcoran Group房地产经纪人亚历山德拉・古普塔此前向《财富》表示，该公司由《创智赢家》明星，投资人及房地产界传奇人物芭芭拉・科克伦创立。
“一些首次购房者转向长期租房，甚至愿意忍受合租，只因拥有一套自己的房子已变得遥不可及，”古普塔补充道。还有一部分人主要依赖家人支持。
与此同时，美国人为住房支出的压力持续不减，原因在于工资增速跟不上房价上涨的速度。当前美国房价较疫情前夕高出50%以上，收入却未能实现相应增长。
为应对这一挑战，很多年轻购房者正考虑与朋友或家人共同购房（或继续租房）。
房地产平台Nestment联合创始人兼首席执行官奈尔斯・利希滕斯坦向《财富》表示：“不管是出于必要还是决心，年轻的购房者正适应变化。他们愿意尽一切努力积累资产，获得的稳定生活，这也意味着以父辈从未设想过的方式拥有住房。共同购房既体现了市场的限制，也展现了这一代人的智慧。”（*）
译者：冯丰
审校：夏林
根据房地产经纪公司Redfin近期一项调查，超过44%的美国房主和租客表示房贷或房租难以承担。正因如此，他们被迫放弃外出就餐和度假。
更令人担心的是，不少人结婚生子等人生大事也因此耽搁。这一结论源自今年5月Redfin委托调研公司益普索（Ipsos）开展的一项调查，受访者涵盖4000多名美国房主和租客。这与《财富》此前的报道相符，报道称住房成本及其他生活开支高企，导致Z世代和千禧一代实现“美国梦”推迟。
Redfin表示：“我们关注（房主和租客），是因为从他们的经历能看出人们为负担住房付出的努力。”
不少Z世代和千禧一代感觉无力抚养孩子，养宠物曾一度成为新风尚，但如今也因为住房成本太高变得难以承受。甚至有部分人表示，只因无力负担独居的住房费用和离婚成本，不得不在婚姻或恋爱关系中“耗”更久。
根据Redfin的报告，美国人为负担住房做出的牺牲包括：
• 搬回父母家
• 与其他家庭成员同住
• 与室友合租
• 与伴侣同住
• 放弃养宠物
• 放弃或减少为子女储蓄大学教育基金
• 决定不生或推迟生育
• 将孩子送入评分较低的学校
• 与成年子女同住
• 推迟离婚或分居
更多数据也印证了这一趋势：当前房价对Z世代和千禧一代来说已变得难以承受，首次购房者人数创下历史新低。根据今年7月美国全国房地产经纪人协会（NAR）向《财富》提供的数据，2004年美国首次购房者人数接近320万；而到2024年末，这一数字已骤降至仅 114万。
“我们正见证传统买房升级的路径重塑，”The Corcoran Group房地产经纪人亚历山德拉・古普塔此前向《财富》表示，该公司由《创智赢家》明星，投资人及房地产界传奇人物芭芭拉・科克伦创立。
“一些首次购房者转向长期租房，甚至愿意忍受合租，只因拥有一套自己的房子已变得遥不可及，”古普塔补充道。还有一部分人主要依赖家人支持。
与此同时，美国人为住房支出的压力持续不减，原因在于工资增速跟不上房价上涨的速度。当前美国房价较疫情前夕高出50%以上，收入却未能实现相应增长。
为应对这一挑战，很多年轻购房者正考虑与朋友或家人共同购房（或继续租房）。
房地产平台Nestment联合创始人兼首席执行官奈尔斯・利希滕斯坦向《财富》表示：“不管是出于必要还是决心，年轻的购房者正适应变化。他们愿意尽一切努力积累资产，获得的稳定生活，这也意味着以父辈从未设想过的方式拥有住房。共同购房既体现了市场的限制，也展现了这一代人的智慧。”（*）
译者：冯丰
审校：夏林
According to a recent Redfin survey, more than 44% of U.S. homeowners and renters said they struggle to afford their mortgage or rent payments. And because of that, they’ve been forced to forgo dining out at restaurants and taking vacations.
But what’s more alarming is they’re delaying major life milestones like getting married and having children. That’s according to a Redfin-commissioned survey conducted by Ipsos in May of more than 4,000 U.S. homeowners and renters. That curtails with previous reporting from Fortune showing how high housing costs and other life expenses have forced Gen Z and millennials to delay the American Dream.
“We’re shining a light on [these homeowners and renters] because they speak to the lengths people go to make their housing payments,” according to Redfin.
Even though having pets became somewhat of the new craze for Gen Z and millennials who knew they couldn’t afford to have human children, that’s seemingly become too expensive on top of housing costs. Some people even report staying in a marriage or relationship longer than they wanted because they couldn’t afford housing plus a divorce or to live on their own.
The following are sacrifices Americans have made in order to afford housing, according to the Redfin report:
• Moved in with parents
• Moved in with other family members
• Moved in with roommates
• Moved in with a romantic partner
• I had to give up my pet(s)
• Gave up or reduced college savings for their kids
• Decided against or delayed having a child
• Enrolled my child(ren) in a low-rated school
• Moved in with my grown children
• Postponed getting a divorce or separation
And it shows in more data: The housing market has become so unaffordable for Gen Z and millennials, the number of first-time home buyers shrank to a historic low. The number of first-time homebuyers in 2004 was nearly 3.2 million, according to NAR data shared with Fortune in July Tuesday. By late 2024, that number had plummeted to just 1.14 million.
“We’re seeing a reshaping of the housing ladder,” Alexandra Gupta, a real estate broker with The Corcoran Group, previously told Fortune. The firm was founded by Shark Tank star, investor, and real estate legend Barbara Corcoran.
“Some first-time buyers are turning to long-term renting or even co-living models because the idea of owning a home has become so out of reach,” Gupta added, while others are relying on family support.
Meanwhile, Americans continue to struggle with housing payments because the pace of wage growth doesn’t match the clip at which home prices are growing. Home prices in the U.S. are more than 50% higher than they were right before the pandemic, but incomes haven’t increased enough.
To combat that challenge, many younger buyers are considering buying (or continuing to rent) with friends or family.
“Young buyers are adapting out of necessity and out of determination. They’re willing to do whatever it takes to build equity and stability, even if that means approaching ownership in ways their parents never considered,” Niles Lichtenstein, cofounder and CEO of real-estate platform Nestment, told Fortune. “Co-buying is a reflection of both the constraints of the market and the ingenuity of this generation.”