
当前就业市场正经历一段艰难时期。
在广泛的经济不确定性中,一些分析师称企业陷入了“不招人、也不开除人”的停滞状态。这导致许多企业将新岗位招聘限制在少数特定职位,甚至完全暂停招聘。与此同时,一些大规模的裁员事件持续累积——加剧了各行各业员工的焦虑。
一些公司将原因归咎于运营成本上升,这包括唐纳德·特朗普实施的一系列新关税政策以及消费者支出的转变。其他公司则提到更广泛的企业重组——或者,如亚马逊等知名企业,将资金转向人工智能等领域的投资。
在这种情况下,“与其说是人工智能直接取代工作岗位,不如说是AI对资金的渴求可能导致岗位流失,”乔治城大学麦克多诺商学院(Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business)的商业管理教授杰森·施洛策(Jason Schloetzer)说道。他指出,当今各公司普遍存在从雇佣员工向基础设施投资进行“权衡取舍”的现象。
联邦雇员面临着更多的不确定性,这影响了整个就业市场的工作者情绪。今年初特朗普重返白宫后不久,联邦工作岗位就被削减了数千个。随着美国政府停摆进入第四周,许多工作人员现在拿不到工资。
“很多人都在四处观望,审视就业环境,搜寻他们可能获得的机会——无论是在公共部门还是私营部门,”施洛策说。“我认为,各行各业的长期稳定性都存在问号。”
政府停摆期间,官方招聘数据暂停发布,但本月早些时候,薪资服务公司ADP(Automatic Data Processing)的一项调查显示,9月份私营部门意外减少了3.2万个工作岗位。
以下是一些近期已采取裁员行动的公司:
亚马逊(Amazon)
亚马逊周二表示,将裁减约1.4万个企业职位,接近其员工总数的4%。这家在线零售巨头在加大人工智能投入的同时,正在削减其他领域的成本。一封致员工的信称,大部分员工将有90天时间在内部寻找新职位。
首席执行官安迪·贾西(Andy Jassy)此前曾表示,他预计生成式人工智能将在未来几年减少亚马逊的企业员工数量。自2021年以来,他一直致力于全面大幅削减成本。
联合包裹服务公司(UPS)
作为业务扭转努力的一部分,联合包裹服务公司(United Parcel Service, UPS)自今年年初以来已裁减约3.4万个工作岗位,同期该公司的运输业务量也发生了更广泛的变动。
周二在监管文件中披露的裁员人数,显著高于UPS今年早些时候预测的大约2万人。UPS周二还表示,在今年前九个月,它已关闭了93处租赁和自有建筑的日常运营。
塔吉特(Target)
上周,塔吉特宣布将削减约1800个企业职位,约占其全球企业员工总数的8%。
塔吉特表示,此次裁员是更广泛精简工作的一部分——首席运营官迈克尔·菲德尔克(Michael Fiddelke)指出“过多的层级和重叠的工作拖慢了决策速度”。这家零售商也正寻求重建其客户群。在过去的十一个季度中,塔吉特有九个季度的可比销售额持平或下降。
雀巢(Nestlé)
10月中旬,雀巢表示将在全球范围内裁减1.6万个工作岗位——这是旨在重振其财务业绩的更大范围成本削减计划的一部分。
这家瑞士食品巨头表示,裁员将在未来两年内进行。此次裁员正值雀巢及其他公司面临大宗商品成本上涨和美国加征关税等不利因素。该公司在今年夏天宣布涨价,以抵消咖啡和可可成本上升的影响。
汉莎航空集团(Lufthansa Group)
9月,汉莎航空集团表示,到2030年将裁减4000个工作岗位——原因在于人工智能的应用、数字化以及旗下航空公司之间的工作整合。
该公司表示,大部分被裁岗位将在德国,且主要集中在行政岗位而非运营岗位。尽管该公司报告称航空旅行需求强劲,并预测未来几年利润将增长,但仍推出了此项裁员计划。
诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk)
同样在9月,丹麦制药公司诺和诺德宣布将裁员9000人,约占其员工总数的11%。
生产诺和泰(Ozempic)和诺和盈(Wegovy)等药物的诺和诺德表示,此次裁员是更广泛重组的一部分,因为公司在竞争日益激烈的情况下致力于销售更多的肥胖症和糖尿病药物。
康菲石油(ConocoPhillips)
石油巨头康菲石油表示,计划裁减至多四分之一的员工,这是公司更广泛的降低成本努力的一部分。
康菲石油的一位发言人于9月3日证实了裁员计划,指出全球范围内20%至25%的公司员工和承包商将受到影响。当时,康菲石油的总人数约为1.3万人——这意味着约2600至3250名员工将受影响。大部分裁员预计将在2025年底前完成。
英特尔(Intel)
英特尔已着手裁减数千个工作岗位——这家陷入困境的芯片制造商正努力重振业务,因其落后于英伟达(Nvidia)和超威半导体(Advanced Micro Devices, AMD)等竞争对手。
在7月份给员工的备忘录中,首席执行官陈立武(Lip-Bu Tan)表示,通过裁员和自然减员,英特尔预计到年底(不含子公司)“核心”员工数将降至7.5万人。这低于去年底报告的9.95万名核心员工。该公司此前曾宣布裁员15%。
微软(Microsoft)
5月,微软开始裁减约6000名员工。仅仅几个月后,这家科技巨头表示将削减9000个职位——这是其两年多来最大规模的裁员。
最新的裁员波及微软的Xbox视频游戏业务和其他部门。公司引用的理由是“组织变革”,许多高管将裁员描述为削减管理层级努力的一部分。但此次裁员也正值公司在人工智能领域投入巨资之际。
宝洁(Procter & Gamble, P&G)
6月,宝洁(Procter & Gamble)宣布将在未来两年内裁减至多7000个工作岗位,占其全球员工总数的6%。
这家生产汰渍(Tide)洗衣粉和帮宝适(Pampers)纸尿裤的公司表示,裁员是更广泛重组的一部分——同时也发生在关税压力之下。7月,宝洁表示,由于新实施的进口税,将提高约四分之一产品的价格,不过此后它表示,预计2026财年受到的冲击将小于此前预期。(*)
译者:中慧言-王芳
当前就业市场正经历一段艰难时期。
在广泛的经济不确定性中,一些分析师称企业陷入了“不招人、也不开除人”的停滞状态。这导致许多企业将新岗位招聘限制在少数特定职位,甚至完全暂停招聘。与此同时,一些大规模的裁员事件持续累积——加剧了各行各业员工的焦虑。
一些公司将原因归咎于运营成本上升,这包括唐纳德·特朗普实施的一系列新关税政策以及消费者支出的转变。其他公司则提到更广泛的企业重组——或者,如亚马逊等知名企业,将资金转向人工智能等领域的投资。
在这种情况下,“与其说是人工智能直接取代工作岗位,不如说是AI对资金的渴求可能导致岗位流失,”乔治城大学麦克多诺商学院(Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business)的商业管理教授杰森·施洛策(Jason Schloetzer)说道。他指出,当今各公司普遍存在从雇佣员工向基础设施投资进行“权衡取舍”的现象。
联邦雇员面临着更多的不确定性,这影响了整个就业市场的工作者情绪。今年初特朗普重返白宫后不久,联邦工作岗位就被削减了数千个。随着美国政府停摆进入第四周,许多工作人员现在拿不到工资。
“很多人都在四处观望,审视就业环境,搜寻他们可能获得的机会——无论是在公共部门还是私营部门,”施洛策说。“我认为,各行各业的长期稳定性都存在问号。”
政府停摆期间,官方招聘数据暂停发布,但本月早些时候,薪资服务公司ADP(Automatic Data Processing)的一项调查显示,9月份私营部门意外减少了3.2万个工作岗位。
以下是一些近期已采取裁员行动的公司:
亚马逊(Amazon)
亚马逊周二表示,将裁减约1.4万个企业职位,接近其员工总数的4%。这家在线零售巨头在加大人工智能投入的同时,正在削减其他领域的成本。一封致员工的信称,大部分员工将有90天时间在内部寻找新职位。
首席执行官安迪·贾西(Andy Jassy)此前曾表示,他预计生成式人工智能将在未来几年减少亚马逊的企业员工数量。自2021年以来,他一直致力于全面大幅削减成本。
联合包裹服务公司(UPS)
作为业务扭转努力的一部分,联合包裹服务公司(United Parcel Service, UPS)自今年年初以来已裁减约3.4万个工作岗位,同期该公司的运输业务量也发生了更广泛的变动。
周二在监管文件中披露的裁员人数,显著高于UPS今年早些时候预测的大约2万人。UPS周二还表示,在今年前九个月,它已关闭了93处租赁和自有建筑的日常运营。
塔吉特(Target)
上周,塔吉特宣布将削减约1800个企业职位,约占其全球企业员工总数的8%。
塔吉特表示,此次裁员是更广泛精简工作的一部分——首席运营官迈克尔·菲德尔克(Michael Fiddelke)指出“过多的层级和重叠的工作拖慢了决策速度”。这家零售商也正寻求重建其客户群。在过去的十一个季度中,塔吉特有九个季度的可比销售额持平或下降。
雀巢(Nestlé)
10月中旬,雀巢表示将在全球范围内裁减1.6万个工作岗位——这是旨在重振其财务业绩的更大范围成本削减计划的一部分。
这家瑞士食品巨头表示,裁员将在未来两年内进行。此次裁员正值雀巢及其他公司面临大宗商品成本上涨和美国加征关税等不利因素。该公司在今年夏天宣布涨价,以抵消咖啡和可可成本上升的影响。
汉莎航空集团(Lufthansa Group)
9月,汉莎航空集团表示,到2030年将裁减4000个工作岗位——原因在于人工智能的应用、数字化以及旗下航空公司之间的工作整合。
该公司表示,大部分被裁岗位将在德国,且主要集中在行政岗位而非运营岗位。尽管该公司报告称航空旅行需求强劲,并预测未来几年利润将增长,但仍推出了此项裁员计划。
诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk)
同样在9月,丹麦制药公司诺和诺德宣布将裁员9000人,约占其员工总数的11%。
生产诺和泰(Ozempic)和诺和盈(Wegovy)等药物的诺和诺德表示,此次裁员是更广泛重组的一部分,因为公司在竞争日益激烈的情况下致力于销售更多的肥胖症和糖尿病药物。
康菲石油(ConocoPhillips)
石油巨头康菲石油表示,计划裁减至多四分之一的员工,这是公司更广泛的降低成本努力的一部分。
康菲石油的一位发言人于9月3日证实了裁员计划,指出全球范围内20%至25%的公司员工和承包商将受到影响。当时,康菲石油的总人数约为1.3万人——这意味着约2600至3250名员工将受影响。大部分裁员预计将在2025年底前完成。
英特尔(Intel)
英特尔已着手裁减数千个工作岗位——这家陷入困境的芯片制造商正努力重振业务,因其落后于英伟达(Nvidia)和超威半导体(Advanced Micro Devices, AMD)等竞争对手。
在7月份给员工的备忘录中,首席执行官陈立武(Lip-Bu Tan)表示,通过裁员和自然减员,英特尔预计到年底(不含子公司)“核心”员工数将降至7.5万人。这低于去年底报告的9.95万名核心员工。该公司此前曾宣布裁员15%。
微软(Microsoft)
5月,微软开始裁减约6000名员工。仅仅几个月后,这家科技巨头表示将削减9000个职位——这是其两年多来最大规模的裁员。
最新的裁员波及微软的Xbox视频游戏业务和其他部门。公司引用的理由是“组织变革”,许多高管将裁员描述为削减管理层级努力的一部分。但此次裁员也正值公司在人工智能领域投入巨资之际。
宝洁(Procter & Gamble, P&G)
6月,宝洁(Procter & Gamble)宣布将在未来两年内裁减至多7000个工作岗位,占其全球员工总数的6%。
这家生产汰渍(Tide)洗衣粉和帮宝适(Pampers)纸尿裤的公司表示,裁员是更广泛重组的一部分——同时也发生在关税压力之下。7月,宝洁表示,由于新实施的进口税,将提高约四分之一产品的价格,不过此后它表示,预计2026财年受到的冲击将小于此前预期。(*)
译者:中慧言-王芳
NEW YORK (AP) --- It's a tough time for the job market.
Amid wider economic uncertainty, some analysts have said that businesses are at a “no-hire, no fire” standstill. That's caused many to limit new work to only a few specific roles, if not pause openings entirely. At the same time, some sizeable layoffs have continued to pile up --- raising worker anxieties across sectors.
Some companies have pointed to rising operational costs spanning from President Donald Trump's barrage of new tariffs and shifts in consumer spending. Others cite corporate restructuring more broadly --- or, as seen with big names like Amazon, are redirecting money to investments like artificial intelligence.
In such cases, “it's not so much AI directly taking jobs, but AI's appetite for cash that might be taking jobs,” said Jason Schloetzer, professor business administration at Georgetown University's McDonough School. He pointed to wider “trade offs” from employment to infrastructure investment seen across companies today.
Federal employees have encountered additional doses of uncertainty, impacting worker sentiment around the job market overall. Shortly after Trump returned to office at the start of the year, federal jobs were cut by the thousands. And many workers are now going without pay as the U.S. government shutdown nears its fourth week.
“A lot of people are looking around, scanning the job environment, scanning the opportunities that are available to them --- whether it's in the public or private sector,” said Schloetzer. “And I think there's a question mark around the long-term stability everywhere.”
Government hiring data is on hold during the shutdown, but earlier this month a survey by payroll company ADP showed a surprising loss of 32,000 jobs in the private sector in September.
Here are some companies that have moved to cut jobs recently.
Amazon
Amazon said Tuesday that it will cut about 14,000 corporate jobs, close to 4% of its workforce, as the online retail giant ramps up spending on AI while trimming costs elsewhere. A letter to employees said most workers would be given 90 days to look for a new position internally.
CEO Andy Jassy previously said he anticipated generative AI would reduce Amazon's corporate workforce in the coming years. And he has worked to aggressively cut costs overall since 2021.
UPS
United Parcel Service has cut about 34,000 jobs since the start of this year as part of turnaround efforts, amid wider shifts in the company's shipping outputs.
The layoffs, disclosed in a regulatory filing on Tuesday, are notably higher than the roughly 20,000 cuts UPS forecast earlier this year. On Tuesday, UPS said it also closed closed daily operations at 93 leased and owned buildings during the first nine months of this year.
Target
Last week, Target that it would eliminate about 1,800 corporate positions, or about 8% of its corporate workforce globally.
Target said the cuts were part of wider streamlining efforts --- with Chief Operating Officer Michael Fiddelke noting that “too many layers and overlapping work have slowed decisions.” The retailer is also looking to rebuild its customer base. Target reported flat or declining comparable sales in nine of the past eleven quarters.
Nestlé
In mid-October, Nestlé said it would be cutting 16,000 jobs globally --- as part of wider cost cutting aimed at reviving its financial performance.
The Swiss food giant said the layoffs would take place over the next two years. The cuts arrive as Nestlé and others face headwinds like rising commodity costs and U.S. imposed tariffs. The company announced price hikes over the summer to offset higher coffee and cocoa costs.
Lufthansa Group
In September, Lufthansa Group said it would shed 4,000 jobs by 2030 --- pointing to the adoption of artificial intelligence, digitalization and consolidating work among member airlines.
Most of the lost jobs would be in Germany, and the focus would be on administrative rather than operational roles, the company said. The layoff plans arrived even as the company reported strong demand for air travel and predicted stronger profits in years ahead.
Novo Nordisk
Also in September, Danish pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk said it would cut 9,000 jobs, about 11% of its workforce.
Novo Nordisk --- which makes drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy --- said the layoffs were part of wider restructuring as the company works to sell more obesity and diabetes medications amid rising competition.
ConocoPhillips
Oil giant ConocoPhillips has said it plans to lay off up to a quarter of its workforce, as part of broader efforts from the company to cut costs.
A spokesperson for ConocoPhillips confirmed the layoffs on Sept. 3, noting that 20% to 25% of the company's employees and contractors would be impacted worldwide. At the time, ConocoPhillips had a total headcount of about 13,000 --- or between 2,600 and 3,250 workers. Most reductions were expected to take place before the end of 2025.
Intel
Intel has moved to shed thousands of jobs --- with the struggling chipmaker working to revive its business as it lags behind rivals like Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices.
In a July memo to employees, CEO Lip-Bu Tan said Intel expected to end the year with 75,000 “core” workers, excluding subsidiaries, through layoffs and attrition. That's down from 99,500 core employees reported the end of last year. The company previously announced a 15% workforce reduction.
Microsoft
In May, Microsoft began began laying off about 6,000 workers across its workforce. And just months later, the tech giant said it would be cutting 9,000 positions --- marking its biggest round of layoffs seen in more than two years.
The latest job cuts hit Microsoft's Xbox video game business and other divisions. The company has cited “organizational changes,” with many executives characterizing the layoffs as part of a push to trim management layers. But the labor reductions also arrive as the company spends heavily on AI.
Procter & Gamble
In June, Procter & Gamble said it would cut up to 7,000 jobs over the next two years, 6% of the company's global workforce.
The maker of Tide detergent and Pampers diapers said the cuts were part of a wider restructuring --- also arriving amid tariff pressures. In July, P&G said it would hike prices on about a quarter of its products due to the newly-imposed import taxes, although it's since said it expects to take less of a hit than previously anticipated for the 2026 fiscal year.
