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知名分析师认为,苹果的AI创新迫在眉睫

财富中文网 2025-08-03 21:33:19

知名分析师认为,苹果的AI创新迫在眉睫
2024年9月9日,加利福尼亚州库比蒂诺,苹果首席执行官蒂姆·库克在苹果总部举行的特别活动上查看新款iPhone 16。图片来源:Justin Sullivan—Getty Images

苹果公司(Apple)6月份举行的年度全球开发者大会(Worldwide Developers Conference,WWDC)让华尔街一些知名人士感到一种奇怪的怀旧感,而且这种感觉并不好。韦德布什证券公司(Wedbush Securities)的顶级科技分析师丹·艾夫斯以对硅谷巨头的精准预测而闻名,而且这些预测往往偏向乐观,但他对苹果却持悲观态度。他在7月30日的一份研究报告中写道,今年WWDC的氛围“让人感觉像是《回到未来》中的一幕”,尤其是苹果对待人工智能(AI)的态度。

其他科技巨头竞相将AI置于核心位置,而苹果在WWDC上的报告却对这一话题几乎只字未提,引起人们的关注。艾夫斯在其最新报告中指出“苹果几乎没有提及AI”,并称之为“房间里的大象”。他指出,这与竞争对手开发者活动上的热烈氛围形成鲜明对比。分析师、投资者和开发者们原本期待苹果会揭晓关于“AI革命”的宏大愿景,但最终他们看到的却是苹果继续依赖硬件更新和强劲的服务业务这些传统优势,而对于Siri的未来和苹果更广泛的AI路线图,仍保持模糊不清的态度。

这一缺失已日益引发艾夫斯等分析师的担忧,他们认为苹果正处于十字路口。他写道:“很明显,苹果在AI方面的任何创新都不是来自‘苹果园区’内部。”他所说的“苹果园区”指的是位于库比蒂诺的著名苹果总部。尽管苹果历来以自主研发变革性技术为傲,但艾夫斯认为那个时代可能已经结束。

收购时机已到?

他写道,重大收购的“时机已到”,并特别指出Perplexity是一个“毋庸置疑”的收购目标——即使其收购成本高达400亿美元以上。艾夫斯认为,此举可以立即提振苹果落后的AI平台,并帮助将Siri重新定位为“消费者的下一代AI入口”。

迄今为止,苹果最大手笔的收购仍是2014年以30亿美元收购Beats,其规模与当下重塑AI行业格局的交易相比,相差一个数量级。艾夫斯认为,在当前这个速度至上的时代,苹果一贯谨慎的并购策略,可能正在阻碍其发展。他警告称:“企业和消费领域的AI技术发展如此迅猛,苹果仅凭内部构建的解决方案将无法跟上步伐。”艾夫斯估计,苹果面临极高的风险:一项成功的AI货币化战略可能为苹果每股估值增加高达75美元。他写道:“我们认为(首席执行官蒂姆)库克需要果断行动,最终完成这笔并购交易。”

WWDC上对AI的低调叙述正值苹果漫长转型之时。尽管作为公司风向标的iPhone手机在全球范围内的需求依然强劲,特别是在经历一年激烈竞争后,中国市场有所改善,但苹果仍面临日益严峻的挑战。贸易紧张局势、不断演变的供应链风险以及来自亚洲低价竞争对手日益增加的压力,正对苹果的核心市场构成威胁。

目前,分析师们仍对苹果的短期表现抱有信心。韦德布什维持其“跑赢大盘”评级,12个月目标股价为每股270美元,理由是即将发布的iPhone 17以及持续强劲的服务业务有望推动增长。截至发稿时,苹果股价报于211.27美元。但艾夫斯坚信:以AI为中心的下一篇章将决定苹果的未来。

库克成绩非凡,但也面临越来越多批评的声音

需要明确的是,自2011年接替史蒂夫·乔布斯以来,库克的执掌堪称传奇。在随后的14年里,库克带领苹果经历了股东价值创造的非凡时期,将一家市值3,000亿美元的公司转变为市值3.2万亿美元的巨头。在他的领导下,苹果优化了运营效率,重振了服务部门,并通过iPhone、AirPods和Apple Watch等热门产品实现了巨额利润。但正如《财富》杂志的杰夫·科尔文所报道的:“突然间,他的弱点在AI时代暴露无遗”。

众多分析师与艾夫斯观点一致,认为库克的卓越运营和供应链掌控力可能不足以赢得未来,因为AI时代正在颠覆科技行业的发展重点。此外,2025年上半年,苹果的处境颇为艰难,股价下跌约16%,而微软(Microsoft)和Alphabet等竞争对手则因积极押注生成式AI而股价飙升。苹果的“Apple Intelligence”计划本应让Siri等功能置于消费者AI的前沿,却未能引起投资者或开发者的兴趣。与此同时,几位关键AI高管相继离职:苹果顶级AI高管庞若明(Ruoming Pang)最近跳槽至Meta,而另一位顶级AI科学家汤姆·冈特也于数周前辞职。同时,长期被视为库克接班人的首席运营官杰夫·威廉姆斯即将退休,迫使公司管理层大换血。

这些重要人物的离职加剧了人们对苹果创新能力的质疑。批评者认为,在库克领导下,苹果自乔布斯时代以来未推出任何真正具有变革性的新产品,近期热门产品如AirPods或Apple Watch,更多是对现有产品类别的优化而非重新定义。分析师警告称,风险关乎公司存亡:如果智能设备转向以AI为中心的全新范式,而苹果未能有力应对,其平台恐有过时的风险。

研究公司LightShed Partners于7月发表报告,呼吁苹果管理层更迭,引发投资者和科技媒体震动。分析师沃尔特·皮耶奇克和乔·加洛内坚称,苹果需要一位专注于产品而非物流的CEO。他们警告称,苹果在AI领域缺乏令人信服的创新,再加上Siri发展相对停滞,随着谷歌(Google)、微软和OpenAI继续高歌猛进,届时,苹果想要继续保持其竞争优势,可能已回天乏术。

库克的拥护者则认为苹果拥有独特地位:其平台锁定效应为其提供了时间,可稳步推进AI战略。历史上,苹果鲜少是先行者,它的成功源于对现有技术的精益求精,而非发明新技术。然而,鉴于AI的基础性影响堪比互联网或电力,任由竞争对手主导发展节奏可能会带来危险。

艾夫斯仍支持库克,但有所保留。他警告说:“投资者、更重要的是开发者的耐心正在消磨殆尽。”未来数月,尤其是随着苹果产品周期在九月及之后升温,可能至关重要,这不仅关乎公司的财务状况。艾夫斯表示,韦德布什认为库克至少还会再担任苹果CEO五年,但从“iPhone深陷关税泥潭”(苹果在中国的制造业务直接暴露于贸易不确定性之下),到唐纳德·特朗普总统对印度作为替代供应链解决方案的不满,再到“缺少AI基础战略”,挑战日益严峻。他总结道:“这一篇章将决定库克的遗产。”

艾夫斯写道:“库克和库比蒂诺总部是时候面对这个快速变化的AI驱动科技格局带来的新现实了。因为如果他们不改变,在我们看来,这将成为苹果历史上一次重大战略性失误。”

《财富》杂志使用生成式AI辅助完成本文的初稿。编辑在发布前已核实信息的准确性。 (*)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

苹果公司(Apple)6月份举行的年度全球开发者大会(Worldwide Developers Conference,WWDC)让华尔街一些知名人士感到一种奇怪的怀旧感,而且这种感觉并不好。韦德布什证券公司(Wedbush Securities)的顶级科技分析师丹·艾夫斯以对硅谷巨头的精准预测而闻名,而且这些预测往往偏向乐观,但他对苹果却持悲观态度。他在7月30日的一份研究报告中写道,今年WWDC的氛围“让人感觉像是《回到未来》中的一幕”,尤其是苹果对待人工智能(AI)的态度。

其他科技巨头竞相将AI置于核心位置,而苹果在WWDC上的报告却对这一话题几乎只字未提,引起人们的关注。艾夫斯在其最新报告中指出“苹果几乎没有提及AI”,并称之为“房间里的大象”。他指出,这与竞争对手开发者活动上的热烈氛围形成鲜明对比。分析师、投资者和开发者们原本期待苹果会揭晓关于“AI革命”的宏大愿景,但最终他们看到的却是苹果继续依赖硬件更新和强劲的服务业务这些传统优势,而对于Siri的未来和苹果更广泛的AI路线图,仍保持模糊不清的态度。

这一缺失已日益引发艾夫斯等分析师的担忧,他们认为苹果正处于十字路口。他写道:“很明显,苹果在AI方面的任何创新都不是来自‘苹果园区’内部。”他所说的“苹果园区”指的是位于库比蒂诺的著名苹果总部。尽管苹果历来以自主研发变革性技术为傲,但艾夫斯认为那个时代可能已经结束。

收购时机已到?

他写道,重大收购的“时机已到”,并特别指出Perplexity是一个“毋庸置疑”的收购目标——即使其收购成本高达400亿美元以上。艾夫斯认为,此举可以立即提振苹果落后的AI平台,并帮助将Siri重新定位为“消费者的下一代AI入口”。

迄今为止,苹果最大手笔的收购仍是2014年以30亿美元收购Beats,其规模与当下重塑AI行业格局的交易相比,相差一个数量级。艾夫斯认为,在当前这个速度至上的时代,苹果一贯谨慎的并购策略,可能正在阻碍其发展。他警告称:“企业和消费领域的AI技术发展如此迅猛,苹果仅凭内部构建的解决方案将无法跟上步伐。”艾夫斯估计,苹果面临极高的风险:一项成功的AI货币化战略可能为苹果每股估值增加高达75美元。他写道:“我们认为(首席执行官蒂姆)库克需要果断行动,最终完成这笔并购交易。”

WWDC上对AI的低调叙述正值苹果漫长转型之时。尽管作为公司风向标的iPhone手机在全球范围内的需求依然强劲,特别是在经历一年激烈竞争后,中国市场有所改善,但苹果仍面临日益严峻的挑战。贸易紧张局势、不断演变的供应链风险以及来自亚洲低价竞争对手日益增加的压力,正对苹果的核心市场构成威胁。

目前,分析师们仍对苹果的短期表现抱有信心。韦德布什维持其“跑赢大盘”评级,12个月目标股价为每股270美元,理由是即将发布的iPhone 17以及持续强劲的服务业务有望推动增长。截至发稿时,苹果股价报于211.27美元。但艾夫斯坚信:以AI为中心的下一篇章将决定苹果的未来。

库克成绩非凡,但也面临越来越多批评的声音

需要明确的是,自2011年接替史蒂夫·乔布斯以来,库克的执掌堪称传奇。在随后的14年里,库克带领苹果经历了股东价值创造的非凡时期,将一家市值3,000亿美元的公司转变为市值3.2万亿美元的巨头。在他的领导下,苹果优化了运营效率,重振了服务部门,并通过iPhone、AirPods和Apple Watch等热门产品实现了巨额利润。但正如《财富》杂志的杰夫·科尔文所报道的:“突然间,他的弱点在AI时代暴露无遗”。

众多分析师与艾夫斯观点一致,认为库克的卓越运营和供应链掌控力可能不足以赢得未来,因为AI时代正在颠覆科技行业的发展重点。此外,2025年上半年,苹果的处境颇为艰难,股价下跌约16%,而微软(Microsoft)和Alphabet等竞争对手则因积极押注生成式AI而股价飙升。苹果的“Apple Intelligence”计划本应让Siri等功能置于消费者AI的前沿,却未能引起投资者或开发者的兴趣。与此同时,几位关键AI高管相继离职:苹果顶级AI高管庞若明(Ruoming Pang)最近跳槽至Meta,而另一位顶级AI科学家汤姆·冈特也于数周前辞职。同时,长期被视为库克接班人的首席运营官杰夫·威廉姆斯即将退休,迫使公司管理层大换血。

这些重要人物的离职加剧了人们对苹果创新能力的质疑。批评者认为,在库克领导下,苹果自乔布斯时代以来未推出任何真正具有变革性的新产品,近期热门产品如AirPods或Apple Watch,更多是对现有产品类别的优化而非重新定义。分析师警告称,风险关乎公司存亡:如果智能设备转向以AI为中心的全新范式,而苹果未能有力应对,其平台恐有过时的风险。

研究公司LightShed Partners于7月发表报告,呼吁苹果管理层更迭,引发投资者和科技媒体震动。分析师沃尔特·皮耶奇克和乔·加洛内坚称,苹果需要一位专注于产品而非物流的CEO。他们警告称,苹果在AI领域缺乏令人信服的创新,再加上Siri发展相对停滞,随着谷歌(Google)、微软和OpenAI继续高歌猛进,届时,苹果想要继续保持其竞争优势,可能已回天乏术。

库克的拥护者则认为苹果拥有独特地位:其平台锁定效应为其提供了时间,可稳步推进AI战略。历史上,苹果鲜少是先行者,它的成功源于对现有技术的精益求精,而非发明新技术。然而,鉴于AI的基础性影响堪比互联网或电力,任由竞争对手主导发展节奏可能会带来危险。

艾夫斯仍支持库克,但有所保留。他警告说:“投资者、更重要的是开发者的耐心正在消磨殆尽。”未来数月,尤其是随着苹果产品周期在九月及之后升温,可能至关重要,这不仅关乎公司的财务状况。艾夫斯表示,韦德布什认为库克至少还会再担任苹果CEO五年,但从“iPhone深陷关税泥潭”(苹果在中国的制造业务直接暴露于贸易不确定性之下),到唐纳德·特朗普总统对印度作为替代供应链解决方案的不满,再到“缺少AI基础战略”,挑战日益严峻。他总结道:“这一篇章将决定库克的遗产。”

艾夫斯写道:“库克和库比蒂诺总部是时候面对这个快速变化的AI驱动科技格局带来的新现实了。因为如果他们不改变,在我们看来,这将成为苹果历史上一次重大战略性失误。”

《财富》杂志使用生成式AI辅助完成本文的初稿。编辑在发布前已核实信息的准确性。 (*)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Apple’s annual Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) in June left some of Wall Street’s most prominent voices feeling oddly nostalgic—and not in a good way. According to Dan Ives, a top tech analyst at Wedbush Securities known for his prescient, albeit oft-times bullish, calls on Silicon Valley’s giants, was bearish about Apple. The atmosphere at this year’s WWDC, he wrote in a July 30 research note, “felt like an episode out of ‘Back to the Future’”—especially when it came to Apple’s treatment of artificial intelligence.

While fellow tech titans are racing to put AI front and center, Apple’s WWDC presentation was notable for its near silence on the subject. “Barely no mention of AI,” Ives remarked in his latest report, calling it “the elephant in the room.” He noted this was a stark contrast to the fever pitch seen at rival developer events. Analysts, investors, and developers tuned in with expectations of a grand reveal that would clarify Apple’s ambitions for the “AI Revolution.” Instead, they watched as the company leaned on traditional strengths—hardware updates and a strong services story—leaving the future of Siri and Apple’s broader AI roadmap conspicuously vague.

This omission has become a growing concern for analysts like Ives, who believe Apple is at a crossroads. “It’s becoming crystal clear that any innovation around AI at Apple is not coming from inside the walls of Apple Park,” he wrote, referencing the company’s famed Cupertino headquarters. While Apple has historically prided itself on building transformative technology in-house, Ives argues those days may be over.

Time for an acquisition?

“The time has come” for a big acquisition, he wrote, singling out Perplexity as a “no brainer” acquisition target—even if it costs upwards of $40 billion. According to Ives, such a move could instantly supercharge Apple’s lagging AI platform and help reposition Siri as the “next AI gateway for consumers.”

To date, Apple’s biggest acquisition remains Beats, a $3 billion deal in 2014—an order of magnitude smaller than the types of deals transforming the AI sector today. Apple’s traditionally cautious approach to M&A, Ives suggests, may be holding it back at a time when speed is everything. “AI technology on the enterprise and consumer landscape is happening at such a rapid pace Apple will not be able to catch up with an internally built solution,” he warned. The stakes, Ives estimates, are high: A successful AI monetization strategy could add as much as $75 per share to Apple’s valuation. “We believe [CEO Tim] Cook needs to rip the band-aid off and finally do an M&A deal,” he wrote.

The muted AI narrative at WWDC comes during a broader period of transition for Apple. While demand for iPhones—a bellwether for the company—remains globally robust, with particular improvement in China after a year of tough competition, the company faces mounting headwinds. Trade tensions, evolving supply chain risks, and increasing pressure from lower-priced rivals in Asia have stressed Apple’s core markets.

For now, analysts are keeping faith with Apple’s near-term performance. Wedbush maintains its “Outperform” rating, with a 12-month price target of $270 per share, citing expected growth driven by the upcoming iPhone 17 and continued strength in services. The stock was trading at $211.27 at the time of writing. But Ives is steadfast: the next chapter—centered on AI—will define Apple’s future.

Cook’s extraordinary record—and mounting criticism

To be clear, Cook has had a legendary run after succeeding Steve Jobs in 2011. Over the ensuing 14 years, Cook has led Apple through a period of extraordinary shareholder value creation—transforming a $300 billion company into a $3.2 trillion titan. Under his stewardship, Apple refined its operational efficiency, reinvigorated its services division, and delivered massive profits through established hits like the iPhone, AirPods, and Apple Watch. But as Fortune‘s Geoff Colvin reported, “suddenly his weaknesses are on display in the AI era.”

A chorus of analysts has joined Ives in arguing that Cook’s operational excellence and supply-chain mastery may not be enough to win the future, as the AI era upends the tech industry’s priorities. The first half of 2025, furthermore, has been bruising. The company’s stock is down about 16%, while rivals like Microsoft and Alphabet have soared on aggressive bets in generative AI. Apple’s “Apple Intelligence” initiative, which was supposed to position Siri and other features at the forefront of consumer AI, has failed to capture investor or developer enthusiasm. Meanwhile, key AI executives have left: Apple’s top AI executive Ruoming Pang recently defected to Meta, just weeks after another top Apple AI scientist, Tom Gunter, resigned. Simultaneously, Chief Operating Officer Jeff Williams—a long-touted Cook successor—is set to retire, forcing a broader management overhaul.

These departures have intensified debate about Apple’s innovation pipeline. Critics argue that under Cook, Apple has not delivered any genuinely transformative new product since the Jobs era, with most recent hits—like AirPods or the Apple Watch—refining rather than redefining product categories. The risk, analysts warn, is existential: If smart devices shift into new AI-centric paradigms and Apple fails to respond forcefully, the company’s platform risks obsolescence.

Research firm LightShed Partners rocked investors and the tech press in July by calling for a regime change. Analysts Walter Piecyk and Joe Galone insisted Apple needs a product-focused CEO, not one centered on logistics. They warned Apple’s lack of compelling innovation in AI and the relatively stagnant progression of Siri could irreversibly erode its competitive edge as Google, Microsoft, and OpenAI press forward.

Cook’s defenders argue Apple has a unique position: its platform lock-in gives it time to execute a measured AI response. And historically the company has rarely been first-mover—its success derives from perfecting existing technologies, not inventing them. Nevertheless, with AI’s foundational impact compared to the internet or electricity, allowing the competition to set the pace could be dangerous.

Ives is still backing Cook, with reservations. “Patience is wearing thin among investors and importantly developers,” he warned. The coming months, particularly as Apple’s product cycle heats up in September and beyond, may prove pivotal—not just for the company’s balance sheet. Ives said Wedbush believes Cook will be Apple CEO for another five years, at least, but there are mounting challenges, from the “tariff iPhone quagmire,” with Apple’s manufacturing operations in China directly exposed to trade uncertainty, to President Donald Trump’s displeasure with India as an alternate supply chain solution, to “missing the AI foundational strategy.” He concluded, “this chapter will define Cook’s legacy.”

“It’s time for Cook and Cupertino to face the new reality of this quickly morphing AI-driven tech landscape,” Ives wrote. “Because if they do not change, it will be a historic strategic black eye for Apple in our view.”

For this story, Fortune used generative AI to help with an initial draft. An editor verified the accuracy of the information before publishing.

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