
图片来源:Costfoto/NurPhoto via Getty Images
中美之间的竞争不仅在贸易和技术领域加剧——它同样在课堂上展开。
在中国,漫长的在校时间和不懈的学习习惯是常态。一位名叫刘磊(Ray Liu)的父亲在一段如今走红的TikTok视频中捕捉到了这种强度,视频显示他在深夜接13岁的女儿放学。
“大家好,现在是晚上8点半,我们一起去接Cindy吧,”42岁的刘磊说。“她今天早上7点去的学校,所以她在学校待了大约14个小时。”
中国的教育体系优先考虑延长教学时间、纪律和持续测试。学生每天在课堂上花费超过10个小时是常事——之后还有家庭作业、辅导和为关乎命运的高考做准备。
“一直就是这样,”刘磊告诉《每日邮报》。“我上中学的时候,也是每天在学校待14个小时甚至更久。”
如今,作为家长,他承认这种压力可能令人难以承受。“这影响他们的身心健康,”他说,并指出家庭通常将这种压力视为向上流动的代价。
“每个学生都必须参加高考才能上大学,大多数中国家长认为,进入一所好大学是获得好工作和过上幸福生活的唯一途径,”刘磊补充道。
相比之下,美国学生通常在早上7点到9点之间开始上课,下午三点左右放学。课外活动是存在的——但它们是可选的。家庭作业的期望较轻,文化上更强调平衡和探索,而非考试成绩。
在最新的国际比较中,中国15岁学生在数学上的表现显著优于美国学生,2022年国际学生评估项目(PISA)分数差距约为85-90分(中国约552分 vs. 美国约465分),使中国位居全球前列,而美国则低于经合组织(OECD)数学平均表现水平。
中国或能赢得AI竞赛——从课堂开始
中美之间的教育竞争可能最终决定谁将引领世界进入人工智能驱动的未来。
今年秋季,北京全市的中小学开始每学年提供至少8小时的人工智能课程——让年仅6岁的学生能够学习技术基础、如何使用聊天机器人以及AI伦理。
相比之下,美国缺乏统一的国家人工智能教育计划。今年4月,特朗普签署了一项行政命令,呼吁加强人工智能素养培训并将该技术融入课堂——但许多行业领袖表示这还远远不够。
包括微软(Microsoft)的萨提亚·纳德拉(Satya Nadella)、爱彼迎(Airbnb)的布莱恩·切斯基(Brian Chesky)和优步(Uber)的达拉·科斯罗萨西(Dara Khosrowshahi)在内的250多位高管于5月签署了一封公开信,敦促美国立法者将计算机科学和人工智能教育定为每位美国学生的必修课。
“在人工智能时代,我们必须为我们的孩子准备未来——成为AI创造者,而不仅仅是消费者,”信中写道。“计算机科学和人工智能的基础知识对于帮助每个学生在技术驱动的世界中茁壮成长至关重要。没有它,他们就有落后的风险。”
即使是处于AI繁荣中心的人也在敲响警钟。英伟达(Nvidia)首席执行官黄仁勋(Jensen Huang)在接受《金融时报》采访时警告说,如果美国不能在教育和创新方面进行更积极的投资,中国“将赢得”AI竞赛。尽管英伟达随后用一份语气更温和的声明澄清了他的言论,但信息很明确:竞争不仅仅是关于芯片或数据中心——它关乎于谁培养下一代去创造未来。
特朗普转变对中国留学生的态度
今年5月,特朗普政府威胁要“积极撤销”中国学生签证,许多高等教育领袖警告称,此举可能会重创依赖国际学费收入的美国大学。但几周后,政府悄然让步。
而在昨天的一次采访中,特朗普改变了语气——承认美国大学对外国学生,特别是来自中国的学生保持开放是有益的。
“实际上,我认为接纳来自其他国家的学生是件好事,”特朗普在被问及中国学生在美国大学的入学情况后对《福克斯新闻》表示。
特朗普说,如果他将外国学生数量限制一半,“美国就会有一半的大学倒闭。”
大学领导层曾担心政府针对国际学生的一系列行动——从签证限制到旅行禁令——会导致入学人数下降。但据《华盛顿邮报》报道,美国国土安全部的新数据显示出了韧性:截至10月,美国仍有130万学生持有有效签证,较去年下降不到1%。(*)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
中美之间的竞争不仅在贸易和技术领域加剧——它同样在课堂上展开。
在中国,漫长的在校时间和不懈的学习习惯是常态。一位名叫刘磊(Ray Liu)的父亲在一段如今走红的TikTok视频中捕捉到了这种强度,视频显示他在深夜接13岁的女儿放学。
“大家好,现在是晚上8点半,我们一起去接Cindy吧,”42岁的刘磊说。“她今天早上7点去的学校,所以她在学校待了大约14个小时。”
中国的教育体系优先考虑延长教学时间、纪律和持续测试。学生每天在课堂上花费超过10个小时是常事——之后还有家庭作业、辅导和为关乎命运的高考做准备。
“一直就是这样,”刘磊告诉《每日邮报》。“我上中学的时候,也是每天在学校待14个小时甚至更久。”
如今,作为家长,他承认这种压力可能令人难以承受。“这影响他们的身心健康,”他说,并指出家庭通常将这种压力视为向上流动的代价。
“每个学生都必须参加高考才能上大学,大多数中国家长认为,进入一所好大学是获得好工作和过上幸福生活的唯一途径,”刘磊补充道。
相比之下,美国学生通常在早上7点到9点之间开始上课,下午三点左右放学。课外活动是存在的——但它们是可选的。家庭作业的期望较轻,文化上更强调平衡和探索,而非考试成绩。
在最新的国际比较中,中国15岁学生在数学上的表现显著优于美国学生,2022年国际学生评估项目(PISA)分数差距约为85-90分(中国约552分 vs. 美国约465分),使中国位居全球前列,而美国则低于经合组织(OECD)数学平均表现水平。
中国或能赢得AI竞赛——从课堂开始
中美之间的教育竞争可能最终决定谁将引领世界进入人工智能驱动的未来。
今年秋季,北京全市的中小学开始每学年提供至少8小时的人工智能课程——让年仅6岁的学生能够学习技术基础、如何使用聊天机器人以及AI伦理。
相比之下,美国缺乏统一的国家人工智能教育计划。今年4月,特朗普签署了一项行政命令,呼吁加强人工智能素养培训并将该技术融入课堂——但许多行业领袖表示这还远远不够。
包括微软(Microsoft)的萨提亚·纳德拉(Satya Nadella)、爱彼迎(Airbnb)的布莱恩·切斯基(Brian Chesky)和优步(Uber)的达拉·科斯罗萨西(Dara Khosrowshahi)在内的250多位高管于5月签署了一封公开信,敦促美国立法者将计算机科学和人工智能教育定为每位美国学生的必修课。
“在人工智能时代,我们必须为我们的孩子准备未来——成为AI创造者,而不仅仅是消费者,”信中写道。“计算机科学和人工智能的基础知识对于帮助每个学生在技术驱动的世界中茁壮成长至关重要。没有它,他们就有落后的风险。”
即使是处于AI繁荣中心的人也在敲响警钟。英伟达(Nvidia)首席执行官黄仁勋(Jensen Huang)在接受《金融时报》采访时警告说,如果美国不能在教育和创新方面进行更积极的投资,中国“将赢得”AI竞赛。尽管英伟达随后用一份语气更温和的声明澄清了他的言论,但信息很明确:竞争不仅仅是关于芯片或数据中心——它关乎于谁培养下一代去创造未来。
特朗普转变对中国留学生的态度
今年5月,特朗普政府威胁要“积极撤销”中国学生签证,许多高等教育领袖警告称,此举可能会重创依赖国际学费收入的美国大学。但几周后,政府悄然让步。
而在昨天的一次采访中,特朗普改变了语气——承认美国大学对外国学生,特别是来自中国的学生保持开放是有益的。
“实际上,我认为接纳来自其他国家的学生是件好事,”特朗普在被问及中国学生在美国大学的入学情况后对《福克斯新闻》表示。
特朗普说,如果他将外国学生数量限制一半,“美国就会有一半的大学倒闭。”
大学领导层曾担心政府针对国际学生的一系列行动——从签证限制到旅行禁令——会导致入学人数下降。但据《华盛顿邮报》报道,美国国土安全部的新数据显示出了韧性:截至10月,美国仍有130万学生持有有效签证,较去年下降不到1%。(*)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
The U.S. and China's rivalry isn't just ramping up in trade or technology---it's playing out in the classroom.
In China, long school days and relentless study habits are the norm. One father, Ray Liu, captured the intensity in a now-viral TikTok video showing him picking up his 13-year-old daughter from school late at night.
“Hi guys, it's 8:30pm, let's go pick up Cindy together,” 42-year-old Ray Liu said. “She went to school this morning at 7 a.m., so she stayed at school for about 14 hours.”
China's education system prioritizes extended instruction, discipline, and constant testing. It's common for students to spend more than 10 hours a day in class---followed by homework, tutoring, and preparation for the high-stakes college entrance exam.
“It has always been this way,” Ray told The Daily Mail. “When I was in middle school, I also spent 14 hours a day or even more at school.”
Now, as a parent, he admitted the pressure can be overwhelming. “It affects their physical and mental health,” he said, noting that families often accept the stress as the cost of upward mobility.
“Every student must take the college entrance exam to get into university, and most Chinese parents believe that getting into a good university is the only way to secure a good job and live a happy life,” Ray added.
By contrast, American students typically start their days between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m. and finish by mid-afternoon. After-school activities exist---but they're optional. Homework expectations are lighter, and the cultural emphasis is more on balance and exploration than on exam performance.
China's 15-year-olds significantly outperform those in the United States in mathematics on the most recent international comparisons, with a gap of roughly 85–90 points on PISA 2022 (China ~552 vs. U.S. ~465), placing China among the global leaders and the U.S. below the OECD average in math performance.
China could win the AI race---starting in the classroom
The educational rivalry between the U.S. and China may ultimately determine who leads the world into an AI-driven future.
This fall, primary and secondary schools across Beijing began offering at least 8 hours of AI classes each academic year---enabling students as young as 6-year-olds to learn the foundations of technology, how to use chatbots, and the ethics of AI.
The U.S., by contrast, lacks a unified national plan for AI education. In April, Trump signed an executive order calling for improved training in AI literacy and the integration of the technology into classrooms---but many industry leaders say it's not nearly enough.
More than 250 executives, including Microsoft's Satya Nadella, Airbnb's Brian Chesky, and Uber's Dara Khosrowshahi, signed an open letter in May urging U.S. lawmakers to make computer science and AI education mandatory for every U.S. student.
“In the age of AI, we must prepare our children for the future---to be AI creators, not just consumers,” the letter read. “A basic foundation in computer science and AI is crucial for helping every student thrive in a technology-driven world. Without it, they risk falling behind.”
Even those at the center of the AI boom are sounding alarms. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang warned in an interview with the Financial Times that China “will win” the AI race if the U.S. fails to invest more aggressively in education and innovation. While Nvidia later clarified his comments with a softer statement, the message was clear: the competition isn't just about chips or data centers---it's about who trains the next generation to build what comes next.
Trump shifts tone on Chinese students
In May, the Trump administration threatened to “aggressively revoke” Chinese student visas, a move that many higher education leaders warned could cripple American universities reliant on international tuition revenue. But weeks later, the administration quietly backed down.
And in an interview just yesterday, Trump struck a different tone---acknowledging that it's beneficial for U.S. universities to remain open to foreign students, especially from China.
“I actually think it's good to have outside countries,” Trump told Fox News after being asked about Chinese students' enrollment in American universities.
If he were to restrict foreign students by half, Trump said that “you would half the colleges in the United States go out of business.”
University leaders feared that the administration's repeated actions against international students---from visa restrictions to travel bans---would drive enrollment down. But new Department of Homeland Security data shows resilience: as of October, there are still 1.3 million students in the U.S. with active visas, a decline of less than 1% from last year, the Washington Post reports.
