
自2022年初,即人工智能热潮全面兴起前夕,美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)测算的职位空缺数已从约1210万降至约770万,降幅约36%。同期,标普500指数的总回报率(股价加股息)约为48%,反映出股市的强劲表现。
传统观点认为,繁荣的股市应创造更多就业,而非减少。但我们难以忽视的是,有更强大的力量在起作用,这或许预示着企业开始重新审视其劳动力队伍。根据企业生产力研究所(i4cp)的一份新报告,2026年将成为大型企业不再仅仅将AI视为生产力工具,而是开始将其用作劳动力重组的战略杠杆的一年。
这与企业惯常的说辞相去甚远。我们多少次听到高管们吹捧AI是思维伙伴、协作者、生产力加速器?或是作为人员技能提升和转岗的催化剂?然而,我们已经看到了这种趋势的证据。仅2025年,联合包裹服务公司(UPS)就裁员4.8万人,亚马逊(Amazon)削减了1.4万个工作岗位,威瑞森(Verizon)宣布计划裁员1.5万人。所有这些裁员的原因是什么?尽管重组、对不同技能的需求和业务优化都是常被提及的理由,但AI也日益成为原因之一。事实上,世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)的一项调查发现,全球41%的公司预计未来五年将因AI的兴起而缩减员工规模。缩减不仅仅意味着裁员;AI也被许多公司用作招聘放缓的理由。
当然,并非所有裁员或招聘放缓都将由AI驱动。其中一些变化反映了后疫情时代招聘热潮后更广泛的经济“降温”。另一些裁员旨在为劳动力队伍注入更多灵活性,亚马逊的安迪·贾西(Andy Jassy)等知名CEO也曾如此表示。但员工应调整预期,并认识到一些公司并不担心员工能否适应AI,反而将裁员作为加速这种适应的一种手段。
未来趋势
将AI驱动的裁员作为战略杠杆,与企业生产力研究所(i4cp)看到的2026年将出现或强化的另外三个趋势相吻合。首先,组织需要更加以技能为基础。i4cp的研究表明,那些具有高“技能就绪度”(即确信其员工队伍具备未来三年所需技能)的公司,为员工提供技能提升培训的可能性要高出12倍。它们对员工技能和能力进行分类编目的可能性也高出6倍,并且确定哪些任务最适合由人类而非AI执行(反之亦然)的可能性也高出6倍。
几十年来,公司一直在问“我们需要多少员工?”。而如今,高绩效组织越来越多地提问:“需要完成哪些工作?谁(或什么)有能力完成它?” 像塔吉特(Target)和陶氏(Dow)这样的公司已经在使用定制的GPT工具和AI驱动的面试指南,帮助管理者实时将技能数据与业务决策联系起来。路径很清晰:技能将成为连接商业战略、技术和人才的共同语言。
除了技能提升的努力,i4cp还预计,到2026年底,部分专业人士拥有个人AI“工作分身”——一个根据其工作流程、沟通风格和任务模式训练的数字化对应体——将不再罕见。虽然这种演变不会一蹴而就,且目前看来仍有些科幻色彩,但高绩效公司已经意识到,AI不仅仅是工具,更是队友。这种协作将带来新的管理问题,例如:“当员工离职时,分身是否保留?”或者“当部分劳动力永不休息时,我们如何衡量生产率?”
数字工作分身的这一飞跃将需要新的治理方式、新的领导力发展计划和新的思维方式。一流公司将把AI与人类的关系视为一种信任伙伴关系,尝试探索哪些工作最适合AI代理,哪些最适合人类。虽然分身显然可以成为显著的生产力倍增器,但公司需要确保这不会以牺牲组织文化为代价。
所有这些转变也意味着,领先公司将拥有更具流动性、模块化的劳动力队伍,并配备相应的系统,能够将新出现的工作需求与可用能力相匹配。这将要求管理者和人力资源领导者持续塑造和重新部署团队(包括人类和数字贡献者),类似于管理供应链而非静态名册。
那些在明年及未来蓬勃发展的组织将拥抱流动的劳动力队伍,将技能视为公司的操作系统,并将AI作为可信赖的协作者来合作。成功的决定性因素最终将是哪些公司能在进行这种转型的同时,不牺牲最终驱动增长和创新的人文要素。(*)
本文作者凯文·奥克斯(Kevin Oakes)是企业生产力研究所(i4cp)的创始人兼首席战略官,也是《文化革新》(Culture Renovation)一书的作者。
译者:中慧言-王芳
自2022年初,即人工智能热潮全面兴起前夕,美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)测算的职位空缺数已从约1210万降至约770万,降幅约36%。同期,标普500指数的总回报率(股价加股息)约为48%,反映出股市的强劲表现。
传统观点认为,繁荣的股市应创造更多就业,而非减少。但我们难以忽视的是,有更强大的力量在起作用,这或许预示着企业开始重新审视其劳动力队伍。根据企业生产力研究所(i4cp)的一份新报告,2026年将成为大型企业不再仅仅将AI视为生产力工具,而是开始将其用作劳动力重组的战略杠杆的一年。
这与企业惯常的说辞相去甚远。我们多少次听到高管们吹捧AI是思维伙伴、协作者、生产力加速器?或是作为人员技能提升和转岗的催化剂?然而,我们已经看到了这种趋势的证据。仅2025年,联合包裹服务公司(UPS)就裁员4.8万人,亚马逊(Amazon)削减了1.4万个工作岗位,威瑞森(Verizon)宣布计划裁员1.5万人。所有这些裁员的原因是什么?尽管重组、对不同技能的需求和业务优化都是常被提及的理由,但AI也日益成为原因之一。事实上,世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)的一项调查发现,全球41%的公司预计未来五年将因AI的兴起而缩减员工规模。缩减不仅仅意味着裁员;AI也被许多公司用作招聘放缓的理由。
当然,并非所有裁员或招聘放缓都将由AI驱动。其中一些变化反映了后疫情时代招聘热潮后更广泛的经济“降温”。另一些裁员旨在为劳动力队伍注入更多灵活性,亚马逊的安迪·贾西(Andy Jassy)等知名CEO也曾如此表示。但员工应调整预期,并认识到一些公司并不担心员工能否适应AI,反而将裁员作为加速这种适应的一种手段。
未来趋势
将AI驱动的裁员作为战略杠杆,与企业生产力研究所(i4cp)看到的2026年将出现或强化的另外三个趋势相吻合。首先,组织需要更加以技能为基础。i4cp的研究表明,那些具有高“技能就绪度”(即确信其员工队伍具备未来三年所需技能)的公司,为员工提供技能提升培训的可能性要高出12倍。它们对员工技能和能力进行分类编目的可能性也高出6倍,并且确定哪些任务最适合由人类而非AI执行(反之亦然)的可能性也高出6倍。
几十年来,公司一直在问“我们需要多少员工?”。而如今,高绩效组织越来越多地提问:“需要完成哪些工作?谁(或什么)有能力完成它?” 像塔吉特(Target)和陶氏(Dow)这样的公司已经在使用定制的GPT工具和AI驱动的面试指南,帮助管理者实时将技能数据与业务决策联系起来。路径很清晰:技能将成为连接商业战略、技术和人才的共同语言。
除了技能提升的努力,i4cp还预计,到2026年底,部分专业人士拥有个人AI“工作分身”——一个根据其工作流程、沟通风格和任务模式训练的数字化对应体——将不再罕见。虽然这种演变不会一蹴而就,且目前看来仍有些科幻色彩,但高绩效公司已经意识到,AI不仅仅是工具,更是队友。这种协作将带来新的管理问题,例如:“当员工离职时,分身是否保留?”或者“当部分劳动力永不休息时,我们如何衡量生产率?”
数字工作分身的这一飞跃将需要新的治理方式、新的领导力发展计划和新的思维方式。一流公司将把AI与人类的关系视为一种信任伙伴关系,尝试探索哪些工作最适合AI代理,哪些最适合人类。虽然分身显然可以成为显著的生产力倍增器,但公司需要确保这不会以牺牲组织文化为代价。
所有这些转变也意味着,领先公司将拥有更具流动性、模块化的劳动力队伍,并配备相应的系统,能够将新出现的工作需求与可用能力相匹配。这将要求管理者和人力资源领导者持续塑造和重新部署团队(包括人类和数字贡献者),类似于管理供应链而非静态名册。
那些在明年及未来蓬勃发展的组织将拥抱流动的劳动力队伍,将技能视为公司的操作系统,并将AI作为可信赖的协作者来合作。成功的决定性因素最终将是哪些公司能在进行这种转型的同时,不牺牲最终驱动增长和创新的人文要素。(*)
本文作者凯文·奥克斯(Kevin Oakes)是企业生产力研究所(i4cp)的创始人兼首席战略官,也是《文化革新》(Culture Renovation)一书的作者。
译者:中慧言-王芳
Since early 2022, just before widespread AI-hype, U.S. job-openings as measured by the Bureau of Labor Statistics have fallen from roughly 12.1 million to about 7.7 million, a decline of approximately 36%. Over the same period, the S&P 500’s total return (price plus dividends) is roughly 48%, reflecting strong equity markets.
Conventional wisdom would tell you a booming stock market should create more jobs, not fewer. But it’s hard to ignore that there are larger forces at play, and a potential harbinger of how companies are starting to view their workforces. According to a new report from the Institute for Corporate Productivity (i4cp), 2026 will be the year that large companies stop treating AI merely as a productivity tool and start wielding it as a strategic lever for workforce restructuring.
That’s a far cry from the typical corporate talking points. How many times have we heard executives tout AI as a thought partner, a collaborator, a productivity accelerator? Or as a catalyst for upskilling and repurposing people? And yet, we’re already seeing evidence of this trend. In 2025 alone, UPS cut 48,000, Amazon eliminated 14,000 jobs, and Verizon announced plans to lay off 15,000 employees. The reason for all these cuts? While restructuring, the need for different skills, and business optimization are all frequently cited, increasingly AI is as well. In fact, a World Economic Forum survey found 41% of companies worldwide expect to reduce their workforces over the next five years because of the rise of AI. Reduction doesn’t just mean layoffs; AI is also being used as a reason hiring has slowed in many companies.
Of course, not all layoffs or hiring slowdowns will be AI-driven. Some of these changes reflect broader economic “cooling” after the post-COVID hiring boom. Other layoffs are designed to instill more agility in workforces, with some prominent CEOs such as Amazon’s Andy Jassy saying as much. But workers should adjust their expectations and recognize that some companies aren’t fretting about whether or not their employees can adapt to AI. Instead they’re using layoffs as a way to accelerate that adaption.
What Comes Next
Using AI-driven layoffs as a strategic lever dovetails with three other trends i4cp sees emerging or strengthening in 2026. The first is the need for organizations to be more skills-based. i4cp research shows that companies with high “skills readiness,” or the confidence that their workforce has the skills needed for the next three years, are 12 times more likely to offer upskilling to employees. They are also six times more likely to have cataloged the skills and capabilities of their workforces, and are six times more likely to determine which tasks are best performed by humans versus AI, and vice versa.
For decades companies have asked “How many employees do we need?” Instead, high-performing organizations are increasingly asking, “What work needs to be done and who (or what) has the capabilities to do it?” Already, companies like Target and Dow are using custom GPT tools and AI-powered interview guides to help managers connect skills data to business decisions in real time. The path is clear: skills will be the shared language connecting business strategy, tech and talent.
In addition to upskilling efforts, i4cp also expects that by the end of 2026, it won’t be uncommon for some professionals to have a personal AI “work twin,” or a digital counterpart trained on their workflows, communication styles and task patterns. While this evolution won’t happen overnight and still seems somewhat in the realm of science fiction, high-performing companies are already realizing that AI isn’t just a tool, but a teammate. Such collaboration will bring new management concerns, such as, “When an employee leaves, does the twin remain?” Or “How do we measure productivity when part of the workforce never sleeps?”
This leap in digital work twins will require new governance, new leadership development programs and new mindsets. Best-in-class companies will treat the AI-human relationship as a trust partnership, experimenting with what work is best suited for AI agents versus humans. While twins obviously can be a significant productivity multiplier, companies will need to ensure that doesn’t happen at the expense of organizational culture.
All of this shifting also means that leading companies will have more fluid, modular workforces, with systems in place that can match emerging work needs with available capabilities. This will require managers and HR leaders to continuously shape and redeploy teams (of both humans and digital contributors), akin to managing a supply chain rather than a static roster.
The organizations that thrive next year and beyond will embrace fluid workforces, treat skills as the company operating system, and work with AI as a trusted collaborator. The defining factor for success will ultimately be which firms navigate this transformation without sacrificing the human elements that ultimately drive growth and innovation.
